Endometriosis is a common reproductive health condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus, causing inflammation, pain, and sometimes fertility problems. Many women experience symptoms for years before receiving a diagnosis, often mistaking them for normal menstrual discomfort.

Key Symptoms

• Severe menstrual cramps

• Chronic pelvic pain

• Pain during or after sex

• Heavy or irregular periods

• Bloating

• Painful urination or bowel movements

• Difficulty getting pregnant

Possible Causes

Although the exact cause is unknown, experts believe it may be linked to:

• Retrograde menstruation

• Hormonal imbalance (especially high estrogen)

• Genetics/family history

• Immune system issues

• Surgical cell transfer after procedures like C-sections

Diagnosis

Doctors may use:

• Pelvic exams

• Ultrasound or MRI

• Laparoscopy — the only way to confirm endometriosis

Treatment Options

While there is no cure, symptoms can be managed through:

1. Medications

• Pain relievers (NSAIDs)

• Birth control pills

• Hormonal IUD

• Progesterone therapy

• GnRH medications

2. Surgery

• Laparoscopic removal of lesions

• Treatment of ovarian cysts

• Hysterectomy (only in severe, non-responsive cases)

3. Lifestyle Support

• Anti-inflammatory diet

• Gentle exercise

• Stress reduction

• Pelvic floor physiotherapy

Endometriosis is a long-term condition, but understanding its symptoms early can lead to faster diagnosis and better treatment outcomes. If period pain, pelvic discomfort, or fertility issues are affecting your daily life, seeking medical advice is essential. With the right combination of medical care, lifestyle changes, and support, most women can manage endometriosis effectively and improve their quality of life.

Disclaimer: This article is for educational and informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Endometriosis symptoms and treatment needs vary among individuals, and only a licensed healthcare provider can provide proper evaluation and care. If you experience severe menstrual pain, chronic pelvic discomfort, fertility challenges, or any symptoms described in this article, consult a qualified medical professional promptly. Do not rely solely on online information for managing your reproductive health.